TAHAWI'S STATEMENT OF ISLAMIC DOCTRINE (AL-`AQIDA AL-TAHAWIYYA):
وَإِنَّ
مُحَمَّداً صلى الله عليه وسلم عَبْدُهُ المُصْطَفَى، وَنَبـِيُّهُ المُجْتَبَى، وَرَسُولُهُ المُرْتَضَى،
29. And we
are certain that Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) is His
chosen Servant and elect Prophet and His Messenger with whom He is well
pleased,
خَاتِمُ
الأَنْبـِيَاءِ وَإِمَامُ الأَتْقِياءِ، وَسَيِّدُ المُرْسَلِينَ، وَحَبـِيبُ رَبِّ العَالَمِينَ،
30. And
that he is the Seal of the Prophets and the Imam of the godfearing and the most
honored of all the messengers and the Beloved of the Lord of all the worlds.
وَكُلُّ
دَعْوَةِ نُبُوَّةٍ بَعْدَ نُبُوَّتِهِ فَغَيٌّ وَهَوَى؛
31. Every
claim to Prophet-hood after Him is falsehood and deceit.
وَهُوَ
المَبْعُوثُ إِلى عَامَّةِ الجِنِّ وَكَافَّةِ الوَرَى، المَبْعُوثِ بـِالحَقِّ وَالهُدَى
32. He is
the one who has been sent to all the jinn and all mankind with truth and
guidance and with light and illumination.
وَإِنَّ
القُرْآنَ كَلامُ اللَّهِ تَعَالى، بَدَأَ بـِلا كَيْفِيَّةٍ قَوْلاً، وَأَنْزَلَهُ عَلَى نَبـِيِّهِ وَحْياً، وَصَدَّقَهُ المُؤْمِنُونَ
عَلَى ذلِكَ حَقَّــاً، وَأَيْقَنُوا
أَنَّهُ كَلامُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى بـِالحَقِيقَةِ. لَيْسَ بـِمَخْلُوقٍ كَكَلامِ
البَرِيَّةِ، فَمَنْ سَمِعَهُ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ كَلامُ البَشَرِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ،
وَقَدْ ذمَّهُ اللَّهُ تَعالَى وَعَابَهُ، وَأَوْعَدَهُ عَذابَهُ، حَيْثُ قَالَ:
سَأُصْلِيهِ
سَقَرَ
فَلَمَّا
أَوْعَدَ اللَّهُ سَقَرَ لِمَنْ قَالَ:
إِنْ
هَذَا إِلَّا قَوْلُ الْبَشَرِ
عَلِمْنا
أَنَّهُ قَوْلُ خَالِقِ البَشَرِ، وَلا يُشْبـِهُ قَوْلَ البَشَرِ،
33. The Qur'an is the word of Allah. It
came from Him as speech without it being possible to say how. He sent it down
on His Messenger as revelation. The believers accept it, as absolute truth.
They are certain that it is, in truth, the word of Allah. It is not created as
is the speech of human beings, and anyone who hears it and claims that it is
human speech has become an unbeliever. Allah warns him and censures him and
threatens him with Fire when He says, Exalted is He: "I will burn him in
the Fire." (al-Muddaththir 74:26) When Allah threatens with the Fire those
who say "This is just human speech" (74:25) we know for certain that
it is the speech of the Creator of mankind and that it is totally unlike the
speech of mankind.
وَمَنْ
وَصَفَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بـِمَعْنَىً مِنْ مَعَانِي البَشَرِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، فَمَنْ أَبْصَرَ هَذا اعْتَبَرَ، وَعَنْ مِثْلِ قَوْلِ الكُفَّارِ
انْزَجَرَ، وَعَلِمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ
تَعَالَى بـِصِفَاتِهِ لَيْسَ كَالبَشَرِ.
34. Anyone
who describes Allah as being in any way the same as a human being has become an
unbeliever. All those who grasp this will take heed and refrain from saying
things such as the unbelievers say, and they will know that He, in His
attributes, is not like human beings.
وَالرُّؤْيَةُ
حَقٌّ لأَهْلِ الجَنَّةِ بـِغَيْرِ إِحَاطَةٍ وَلا كَيْفِيَّةٍ، كَمَا نَطَقَ بـِهِ كِتَابُ رَبِّـنَا حَيْثُ قَالَ:
وُجُوهٌ
يَوْمَئِذٍ نــَّاضِرَةٌ - إِلَى رَبـِّها نَاظِرَةٌ
وَتَفْسِيرُهُ
عَلَى مَا أَرَادَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَعَلِمَهُ، وَكُلُّ مَا جَاءَ فِي ذلِكَ مِنَ الحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله
عليه وسلم وَعَنْ أَصْحَابـِهِ
رِضْوانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ فَهُوَ كَمَا قَالَ، وَمَعْنَاهُ وَتَفْسِيرُهُ عَلَى مَا أَرَادَ، لا نَدْخُلُ فِي ذلِكَ مُتَأَوِّلِينَ بـِآرائِنَا وَلا مُتَوَهِّمِينَ بـِأَهْوَائِنا،
فَإِنَّهُ مَا سَلِمَ فِي دِينِهِ
إِلاَّ مَنْ سَلَّمَ لِلَّهِ تَعَالى وَلِرَسُولِهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ; وَرَدَّ عِلْمَ مَا اشْتَبَهَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَى عَالِمِهِ،
35. The Seeing of Allah by the People
of the Garden is true, without their vision being all-encompassing and without
the manner of their vision being known. As the Book of our Lord has expressed
it: "Faces on that Day radiant, looking at their Lord." (al-Qiyama
75:22-3) The explanation of this is as Allah knows and wills. Everything that
has come down to us about this from the Messenger, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, in authentic traditions, is as he said and means what he
intended. We do not delve into that, trying to interpret it according to our
own opinions or letting our imaginations have free rein.
No one is
safe in his religion unless he surrenders himself completely to Allah, the
Exalted and Glorified and to His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, and leaves the knowledge of things that are ambiguous to the one who
knows them.
وَلا
يَثْبُتُ قَدَمُ الإِسْلامِ إِلاَّ عَلَى ظَهْرِ التَّسْليمِ وَالاسْتِسْلامِ، فَمَنْ رَامَ عِلْمَ مَا حُظِرَ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَمْ يَقْنَعْ
بـِالتَّسْليمِ فَهْمُهُ، حَجَبَهُ
مَرَامُهُ عَنْ خَالِصِ التَّوْحيدِ، وَصَافِي المَعْرِفَةِ، وَصَحِيحِ الإِيمَانِ، فَيَتَذبْذبُ بَيْنَ الكُفْرِ وَالإِيْمَانِ، وَالتَّكْذِيبِ، وَالإِقْرَارِ وَالإِنْكَارِ، مُوَسْوَسَاً
تَائِهَاً، زَائِغَاً شَاكَّــاً، لاَ
مُؤْمِنَاً مُصَدِّقاً، وَلاَ جَاحِداً مُكَذِّباً.
36. A
man's Islam is not secure unless it is based on submission and surrender.
Anyone who desires to know things which it is beyond his capacity to know, and
whose intellect is not content with surrender, will find that his desire veils
him from a pure understanding of Allah's true unity, clear knowledge and
correct belief, and that he veers between disbelief and belief, confirmation
and denial and acceptance and rejection. He will he subject to whisperings and
find himself confused and full of doubt, being neither an accepting believer
nor a denying rejector.
وَلا
يَصِحُّ الإِيمَانُ بـِالرُّؤْيَةِ لأَهْلِ دَارِ السَّلامِ لِمَنْ اعْتَبَرَهَا مِنْهُمْ بـِوَهْمٍ، أَوْ تَأَوَّلَهَا بـِفَهْمٍ، إِذا
كَانَ تَأْوِيلُ الرُّؤْيَةِ
وَتَأْوِيلُ كُلِّ مَعْنىً يُضَافُ إِلَى الرُّبُوبـِيَّةِ تَرْكَ التَأْويلِ وَلُزُومَ التَّسْلِيمِ، وَعَلَيْهِ دِينُ
المُرْسَلينَ وَشَرَائِعُ
النَّبـِيِّـينَ. وَمَنْ لَمْ يَتَوَقَّ النَّفْيَ وَالتَّشْبيهِ زَلَّ، وَلَمْ يُصِبِ التَّنْزِيهَ؛ فَإِنَّ رَبَّنا جَلَّ وَعَلا
مَوْصُوفٌ بـِصِفَاتِ
الوَحْدَانِيَّةِ، مَنْعُوتٌ بـِنُعُوتِ الفَرْدَانِيَّةِ، لَيْسَ بـِمَعْناهُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ البَرِيَّةِ،
37. Belief
of a man in the seeing of Allah by the People of the Garden is not correct if
he imagines what it is like or interprets it according to his own
understanding, since the interpretation of this seeing or indeed, the meaning
of any of the subtle phenomena which are in the realm of Lordship, is by
avoiding its interpretation and strictly adhering to the submission.
This is
the religion of Muslims. Anyone who does not guard himself against negating the
attributes of Allah, or likening Allah to something else, has gone astray and
has failed to understand Allah's glory, because our Lord, the Glorified and the
Exalted, can only possibly be described in terms of oneness and absolute
singularity and no creation is in any way like Him.
تَعَالَى
اللَّهُ عَنِ الحُدُودِ وَالغَاياتِ، وَالأَرْكانِ وَالأَدَواتِ، لا تَحْوِيهِ الجِهَاتُ السِّتُّ كَسَائِرِ المُبْتَدَعاتِ.
38. He is
beyond having limits placed on Him, or being restricted, or having parts or
limbs. Nor is He contained by the six directions as all created things are.
وَالمِعْرَاجُ
حَقٌّ. وَقَدْ أُسْرِيَ بـِالنَّبـِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَعُرِجَ بـِشَخْصِهِ فِي الْيَقَظَةِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، ثُمَّ إِلَى حَيْثُ
شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنَ العُلَى،
وَأَكْرَمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بـِمَا شَاءَ،
فَأَوْحَى
إِلَى عَبْدِهِ مَا أَوْحَى (مَا
کذب الفواد ما رای) فصلی اللھ علیھ وسلم فِی الاخرۃ والاولی
39. Al-Mi`raj (the Ascent through the
heavens) is true. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was
taken by night and ascended in his bodily form, while awake, through the
heavens, to whatever heights Allah willed for him. Allah ennobled him in the
way that He ennobled him and revealed to him what He revealed to him, "and
his heart was not mistaken about what it saw" (al-Najm 53:11). Allah
blessed him and granted him peace in this world and the next.
وَالْحَوْضُ
الَّذِيْ أَكْرَمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بـِهِ غِيَاثَاً لأُمَّتِهِ حَقٌّ
40.
Al-Hawd, the Pool which Allah has granted the Prophet as an honour to quench
the thirst of his Community on the Day of Judgement, is true.
وَالشَّفَاعَةُ
الَّتِي ادَّخَرَهَا اللَّهُ لَهُمْ كَمَا رُوِيَ فِيْ الأَخْبَارِ
41.
Al-Shafa`a, the intercession which is stored up for Muslims, is true, as
related in the hadiths.
وَالْمِيْثَاقُ
الَّذِيْ أَخَذهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنْ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَذُرِّيَّتِهِ حَقٌّ.
42. The
covenant which Allah made with Adam and his offspring is true.
